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type     June, 2005

Vol 2 Chapter 34: Key Findings, Technology Gaps and the Path Forward

Scott Imbus and Charles Christopher

Abstract: Options for large-scale geological storage of CO2 emissions have proceeded from concept development and capacity inventories in the 1990s to systematic site characterization and strategies for injection, long-term monitoring and risk assessment in recent years. To date, the only purpose-built CO2 storage facility is the 1 million tonne/year Sleipner–Utsira project in the Norwegian North Sea. Although the project is deemed successful, it is doubtful that numerous projects of the scale or considerably larger such projects will be permitted without extensive technical due diligence. In the constellation of industry, academic and government programs addressing geological CO2 storage, the role assumed by the CCP Storage Monitoring and Verification (SMV) program over 2000–2004 is unique. The risk-based approach adopted entailed identifying technical gaps and addressing them by leveraging the existing natural and industrial analog knowledge base and developing new R&D avenues. Whereas some projects were based on a specific asset or storage venue type, the applications developed are universally applicable. The present chapter outlines the key findings of the SMV program and identifies needs for further R&D needed to support pilots, demonstration and commercial projects. The SMV program was comprised of some 30 projects organized along four technical areas.

  1. “Integrity”—assessing the competence of natural and engineered systems to retain CO2 over extended periods.
  2. “Optimization”—strategies for improving the efficiency and economics of CO2 transportation and storage.
  3. “Monitoring”—identification of techniques suitable for tracking CO2 movement within (performance) and outside (leakage or seepage) the injection target.
  4. “Risk Assessment”—development of concepts, protocols and methodologies to quantify probability and impact of CO2 leakage from storage sites.

Carbon Dioxide Capture for Storage in Deep Geologic Formations – Results from the CO2 Capture Project Geologic Storage of Carbon Dioxide with Monitoring and Verification - Volume 2
Edited by:
Sally M. Benson, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA

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